Research has long indicated that androgens, testosterone in particular, are linked not only with libido but with aggressiveness, particularly in the male. Animal research has been much more consistent in suggesting this hypothesis than human research has. However, the fact that sexual awakening in the adolescent is associated with rises in testosterone level, does link it to libidinal urges and possibly to aggression.

The testosterone levels of violent men have been measured time and again, and often, but not always, found to be higher than those in a control population. Violent sex offenders have been found, again not consistently, to have the highest testosterone levels of all. The effect of alcohol and drugs is variable; habitual use suppresses testosterone but occasional use can stimulate secretion, possibly as a feed-back effect of disinhibition.

This raises a further possibility that violent men are not violent because they have more testosterone to cope with, but that they have more testosterone because they are more violent. Traditional patterns of male activity might have developed because they stimulate the secretion of testosterone. If a woman can have an estrogen ‘high’, it seems likely that a man can have a testosterone ‘high’.

Aggression is part of the currency exchanged in all masculine dealings. Male biochemistry and masculine enculturation interact to generate a threatening climate in which men, particularly young men, choose to live dangerously. Adrenaline is a drug which the violent man supplies of himself to himself. The flooding of fight-or-flight chemicals into the bloodstream is pure pleasure; many of our entertainments consist in little other than the deliberate stimulation of terror.

Television programme-maker Paul Kozminsky described some people as thinking of child abuse ‘as something bestial – out of too much testosterone’. By invoking testosterone a man can abdicate responsibility for his own behavior.

People who don’t appreciate excitement, who can see no more point in going on the big dipper than in wilding or ram-raiding, who cannot watch films which are little more than realistic representations of people being tortured, blown up, mown down, cut in half or simply terrified, are pathetic. Our culture now depicts much more elaborate violence in more media more often than it did thirty years ago.

Many other applications of testosterone includes the following:

• Infertility
• Lack of libido
• Erectile dysfunction
• Osteoporosis
• Penile enlargement
• Height growth
• Bone marrow stimulation
• Reversal of anemia
• Appetite stimulation

Testosterone is often used by athletes to improve their performance. In men, however, a slight increase in testosterone levels can have great effects on their physical shape. Anabolic steroids (testosterone is one of them) have been taken to enhance muscle development, strength and endurance. After a series of scandals and publicity in the 1980s such as Ben Jonhson’s improved performance at the 1988 Summer Olympics, anabolic steroids were designated as “controlled substance.” In the former Eastern Germany even women used it so they would have superior physical abilities to their competitors. The noticeable side effects that took an impact on those women are extensive growth of facial hair and outer look that was man-like.

The different pharmaceutical forms of testosterone for human administration are currently available. Among them are:

• Injectable (such as testosterone cypionate/testosterone enanthate in oil),
• Oral Andriol,
• Bucall Striant,
• Transdermal skin patches and transdermal creams,
• Gels Androgel and Testim,
• Roll on and Nasal Sprays.

Likewise, male-to-female transsexual women are sometimes prescribed drugs (anti-androgens) to decrease the level of testosterone in the body and allow for the effects of estrogen to develop. Women may also use testosterone therapies to treat or prevent loss of bone density, muscle mass and to treat certain kinds of depression and low energy state.

There are some interesting cases where testosterone level in the body can be increased:

No 1:
Experts recommend one of the safest ones and most importantly legal ones is to increase zinc mineral intake.Also brewers yeast, whole grains and wheat have high levels of zinc in them and they are totally natural.The minimal dose of zinc for men is 15 mg per day, but up to 50 mg daily can be taken, anything more than that can cause unwanted side effects and can be hazardous for your health.

No 2:
In a 2003 study, it show that serum testosterone levels reach a peak seven days after abstaining from ejaculation.

No. 3:
Recent research has suggested that alcohol consumption in women can temporarily raise testosterone levels. A 2006 BBC article states : “ According to medical research, testosterone – the hormone connected to male characteristics such as aggression and sex drives – rises in women by up to 50% when they are drunk. In men, its level drops down.”

Adult females make it themselves out of cholesterol converted by their gonads and their adrenal cortex first into progesterone, then into testosterone and then into estrogen. The ovaries carry on producing estrogen long after ovulation has ceased, more than twelve years in fact. The adrenal glands atop the kidneys produce estrone to boost it; all steroid hormones are lipophilic, that is, soluble in fats and easily diffused through membranes. They bind with intracellular receptor proteins and the resultant complex binds to DNA. The scale of effects of this process is as yet hardly glimpsed. What we know and are prepared to say is that ‘estrogen lifts our moods and gives us a feeling of well-being’. It probably does that by influencing some of the neuropeptide transmitters in the brain that regulate how we feel and think, probably oxytocin and vasopressin, together with the enkephalins and dynorphins, opioids produced in the brain.

Oxytocin is particularly interesting not only because it can be shown to have specific functions connected with arousal and orgasm in both males and females, but because neurons containing oxytocin receptors have been found in regions of the brain that suggest a role in bonding behavior. Such data might give the impression that personality is a simple bio-chemical cocktail and can be changed just by upping some part of the mixture. In fact the cocktail has some 4,000 elements that are continually being shaken and stirred; the overall and ultimate effects of adding a jigger of something new are unknowable.

The sex hormones estrogen and progesterone are closely related to anabolic steroids and, like them, affect mood and behavior. People suffering disruptions of their normal biochemical balance will report personality disturbances. The behavioral effects of added estrogen are difficult to quantify; estrogen will not increase libido, for example, as it exerts little action on the clitoris, but it does increase receptivity in that it controls the vaginal environment.

We know enough to know that sex steroids are powerful and that they have complex interactions with other substances, which would seem to be good reason not to introduce similar substances that would replicate or exaggerate or annihilate any part of the wonderfully intricate sequence. In the case of recreational drugs reasonable people are only too ready to accept the idea that interference is foolhardy; when it comes to exogenous estrogen, which is a drug like any other, we are suddenly undisturbed by the prospect of lifelong dependency. Estrogen is now being tried and found effective as a mood-altering substance; it has been used successfully as a symptomatic treatment for severe post-natal depression.